Prune your new grape plant as soon as you get it. Reduce the numerous shoots coming out of the root system to one. Trim the one down to the third bud from the bottom. New green shoots will appear once the vine begins to sprout and grow. Once they're a foot long, choose the heartiest one and tie it to a stake at the top and bottom. Then remove the other shoots. As the lone shoot grows throughout the summer, continue to stake it to keep it upright and straight. Winds can break it, so anchor it with ties. This one stem will be the permanent trunk of your beloved grapevine. Build a trellis wire for the trunk to reach about 30 inches. The trunk should reach this height in the first year. (If not, cut it back to the three buds and start over. )The trunk will need to be very sturdy.
Cut it at the first bud above the wire when the shoot grows a few inches taller than the wire. Next, tie the shoot to the stake and wire. Very hardy shoots may develop beyond the wire and set robust side laterals. Choose the two laterals closest to the wire, tie them to the wire, then prune to 3-5 buds. Remove the rest of the lateral stems.
Condition the new shoots up to the next wire during the season, and remove any new sprout from the roots or lower trunk.
Each year you will select new canes at the trunk and wire juncture. Tie one or two canes to each side of the wire with 8-10 buds per cane. Then cut all the other canes out but two. (Read below.) In doing this, you will have a healthier vine and more robust fruiting. When selecting the canes to save, choose the diameter about the size of your pinky finger making sure the buds are close together. Be sure to leave one or two spur canes, trimming them to two buds each to provide canes for next year's pruning.